Tổng hợp bài tập câu điều kiện hỗn hợp cơ bản và nâng cao có đáp án

Câu điều kiện hỗn hợp là loại câu điều kiện có công thức và các dùng phức tạp nhất.

Trong bài viết này, IELTS LangGo sẽ hệ thống lý thuyết và tổng hợp bài tập câu điều kiện hỗn hợp có đáp án từ cơ bản đến nâng cao để giúp các bạn ôn tập và nắm vững kiến thức về loại câu điều kiện này.

1. Tóm tắt kiến thức về Câu điều kiện hỗn hợp

Câu điều kiện hỗn hợp (Mixed Conditional) là một dạng câu điều kiện đặc biệt, được kết hợp từ hai loại câu điều kiện cơ bản (thường là loại 2 và loại 3). Mục đích của câu điều kiện hỗn hợp là diễn tả các giả định không có thật trong quá khứ hoặc hiện tại, dẫn đến kết quả trái ngược với thực tế ở hiện tại hoặc quá khứ

Cấu trúc của câu điều kiện hỗn hợp cũng bao gồm một mệnh đề điều kiện (mệnh đề If) và một mệnh đề chính. Tuy nhiên, các loại câu điều kiện hỗn hợp khác nhau sẽ có cấu trúc khác nhau.

1.1. Câu điều kiện hỗn hợp loại 3 và 2 (Past → Present)

Cấu trúc:

If + past perfect, S + would/could + infinitive

Cách dùng: Diễn tả điều kiện (giả định) không có thật trong quá khứ, dẫn đến kết quả trái ngược với thực tế ở hiện tại.

Ví dụ:

• If she had studied harder, she would passed the SAT exam today. (Nếu cô ấy học chăm chỉ hơn thì cô ấy đã đỗ kỳ thi SAT hôm nay.)
• If I had moved to Japan, my life would be better now. (Nếu tôi chuyển đến Nhật Bản, cuộc sống của tôi giờ đã tốt hơn.)

1.2. Câu điều kiện hỗn hợp loại 2 và 3 (Present → Past)

Cấu trúc:

If + Past simple, S + would/could/might + have + V(p2) + O

Cách dùng: Diễn tả một điều kiện (giả định) không thể xảy ra ở hiện tại dẫn đến kết quả trái ngược với thực tế trong quá khứ.

Ví dụ:

• If I lived in New York, I would have shown you around the city. (Nếu tôi sống ở New York, tôi sẽ dẫn bạn đi tham quan thành phố..)
• If he were a good boy, he wouldn’t have lied to you. (Nếu anh ấy là chàng trai tốt, anh ấy đã không nói dối bạn.)

1.3. Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện hỗn hợp

Câu điều kiện hỗn hợp cũng được sử dụng ở dạng đảo ngữ:

Cấu trúc:

• Had + S + (not) + P2, S + would/might/could + V
• Were + S + (not) + N/Adj, S + would/might/could + have + P2
• Were + S + (not) to V, S + would/might/could + have + P2

Ví dụ:

• Had he not missed the train, he would arrive now. (Nếu anh ấy không lỡ chuyến tàu thì giờ anh ấy đã đến rồi.)
• Were it not for your help, I might not have completed the project on time. (Nếu không có sự giúp đỡ của bạn, tôi có thể đã không hoàn thành dự án đúng thời hạn.)

2. Bài tập câu điều kiện hỗn hợp có đáp án

IELTS LangGo đã tổng hợp bài tập câu điều kiện từ cơ bản đến nâng cao để bạn có thể làm quen dần với độ khó của bài tập. Lưu ý là hãy làm thật kỹ và sau đó check đáp án xem mình làm đúng bao nhiêu % nhé.

Bài 1: Chia động từ phù hợp điền vào chỗ trống

1. If she had studied harder last year, she (be) ______ a student at a top university now.

2. If he weren’t so shy, he (ask) ______ her out last week.

3. If you had listened to the teacher, you (not make) ______ this mistake now.

4. If I knew how to swim, I (join) ______ the competition yesterday.

5. If he had saved more money, he (buy) ______ a new car this year.

6. If she were more confident, she (apply) ______ for the job last month.

7. If we hadn’t missed the train, we (be) ______ in Hanoi right now.

8. If I were better at math, I (pass) ______ the math test last semester.

9. If you had called me earlier, I (not be) ______ so busy now.

10. If she had taken the job offer, she (work) ______ for a big company today.

Đáp án:

1. would be

2. would have asked

3. wouldn’t be making

4. would have joined

5. would buy

6. would have applied

7. would be

8. would have passed

9. wouldn’t be

10. would be working

Bài 2: Bài tập trắc nghiệm câu điều kiện hỗn hợp

1. If she ____________ (study) harder, she ____________ (pass) the test today.

a) had studied, would pass

b) studies, would pass

c) would study, passes

2. If they ____________ (know) about the party, they ____________ (come) today.

a) knows, come

b) had known, would come

c) know, will come

3. Were it not for her help, I ____________ (not finish) the project on time.

a) won't finish

b) wouldn't finish

c) wouldn't have finished

4. If he ____________ (have) enough money, he ____________ (buy) the car.

a) has, will buy

b) had, would have bought

c) have, buys

5. If we ____________ (not miss) the bus, we ____________ (not be) late.

a) don't miss, won't be

b) hadn't missed, wouldn't be

c) not miss, wouldn't have been

6. If he ____________ (tell) me the truth, I ____________ (understand) better.

a) tells, would understand

b) had told, would understand

c) tell, understand

7. If she ____________ (leave) early, she ____________ (catch) the train now.

a) left, could have caught

b) had left, could catch

c) leaves, could catch

8. Were it not for your support, I ____________ (not achieve) this success.

a) don't achieve

b) won't achieve

c) wouldn't have achieved

9. If I ____________ (be) you, I ____________ (make) a different decision yesterday.

a) am, will make

b) were, would have made

c) be, make

10. If you ____________ (attend) the party yesterday, you wouldn’t regret now.

a) had attended

b) attended

c) attends

Đáp án

1. a) had studied, would pass

2. b) had known, would come

3. c) wouldn't have finished

4. b) had, would have bought

5. b) hadn't missed, wouldn't be

6. b) had told, would understand

7. b) had left, could catch

8. c) wouldn't have achieved

9. b) were, would have made

10. a) had attended

Bài 3: Bài tập viết lại câu điều kiện hỗn hợp dùng cấu trúc đảo ngữ

1. If they hadn't missed the flight, they would be on vacation now.

2. If I had studied harder, I would be rich now.

3. If they had known about the traffic, they wouldn't take that route now.

4. If you were in my position, you wouldn't have behaved like this yesterday.

5. If I had studied harder, I would be a great manager now.

6. If I had known the solution, I wouldn’t be in trouble now.

7. If I had saved more money, I could buy a house now.

8. If I were you, I wouldn’t have gone to the party yesterday.

9. If I were not sick, I would have gone on the trip.

10. If they hadn’t missed the train, they would be here now.

11. If he had practiced more, he could be the winner today.

12. If you had told me the truth, I wouldn't be so disappointed now.

Đáp án

1. Had they not missed the flight, they would be on vacation now.

2. Had I studied harder, I would be rich now.

3. Had they known about the traffic, they wouldn't take that route now.

4. Were you in my position, you wouldn't have behaved like this yesterday.

5. Had I studied harder, I would be a great manager now.

6. Had I known the solution, I wouldn’t be in trouble now.

7. Had I saved more money, I could buy a house now.

8. Were I you, I wouldn’t have gone to the party yesterday.

9. Were I not sick, I would have gone on the trip.

10. Had they not missed the train, they would be here now.

11. Had he practiced more, he could be the winner today.

12. Had you told me the truth, I wouldn't be so disappointed now.

Bài 4: Chọn đáp án đúng điền vào chỗ trống

1. If I ____________ (win) the lottery last year, I ____________ (be) rich now.

a) won, would be  

b) had won, would be  

c) win, will be

2. If she ____________ (be) more careful, she ____________ (not break) the vase yesterday.

a) were, wouldn't have broken  

b) was, wouldn't break  

c) is, won't break

3. If they ____________ (leave) earlier yesterday, they ____________ (not be) stuck in traffic now.

a) left, wouldn't be  

b) had left, wouldn't be  

c) leave, won't be

4. If I ____________ (know) her phone number, I ____________ (call) her last night.

a) knew, would have called  

b) know, would call  

c) had known, would call

5. If he ____________ (study) medicine, he ____________ (be) a doctor now.

a) studied, would be

b) had studied, would be 

c) studies, will be

6. If you ____________ (be) more organized, you ____________ (find) your keys yesterday.

a) were, would have found  

b) are, would find  

c) were, would find

7. If we ____________ (save) money last year, we ____________ (go) on vacation now.

a) saved, would go  

b) had saved, would go  

c) save, will go

8. If she ____________ (not be) so busy, she ____________ (attend) the meeting yesterday.

a) weren't, would have attended  

b) isn't, would attend  

c) wasn't, would attend

9. If I ____________ (learn) to drive earlier, I ____________ (not need) to take the bus now.

a) learned, wouldn't need  

b) had learned, wouldn't need  

c) learn, won't need

10. If they ____________ (invest) in Bitcoin five years ago, they ____________ (be) millionaires today.

a) invested, would be  

b) had invested, would be  

c) invest, will be

Đáp án

1. b) had won, would be

2. a) were, wouldn't have broken

3. b) had left, wouldn't be

4. a) knew, would have called

5. b) had studied, would have become

6. a) were, would have found

7. b) had saved, would go

8. a) weren't, would have attended

9. b) had learned, wouldn't need

10. b) had invested, would be

Bài 5: Tìm và sửa lỗi trong các câu sau

1. If I would have known about the party, I would go.

2. If she was taller, she would have joined the basketball team last year.

3. Had I not studied hard, I wouldn't have been successful today.

4. If he had more confidence, he will have asked her out yesterday.

5. Were I know the answer, I would have told you yesterday.

6. If they didn't miss the flight, they would be in Paris now.

7. If I was you, I wouldn't made that decision last week.

8. Had she not been sick, she would attend the conference now.

9. If we would have left earlier, we wouldn't be late now.

10. If I am rich, I would have bought that house last month.

Đáp án

1. would have known => had known

2. was => were

3. wouldn't have been => wouldn't be

4. will have asked => would have asked

5. Were I know => Were I to know

6. didn't miss => hadn't missed

7. was => were; wouldn't made => wouldn't have made

8. would attend => would be attending

9. would have left => had left

10. am => were

Bài 6: Hoàn thành câu sử dụng từ gợi ý

1. If I had accepted the job offer, ____________ (work/multinational company/now).

2. If she weren't afraid of flying, ____________ (travel/Europe/last summer).

3. ____________ (Had/save money/last year), I could buy a car now.

4. If they had listened to the weather forecast, ____________ (not get caught/rain/yesterday).

5. ____________ (Were/I/good at cooking), I would have prepared dinner last night.

6. If we hadn't moved to this city, ____________ (not meet/each other/now).

7. If he were more patient, ____________ (not lose/temper/yesterday).

8. ____________ (Had/they/not missed/train), they would be here now.

9. If I knew how to fix cars, ____________ (repair/my car/last week).

10. ____________ (Were/it/not/for your help), I wouldn't have finished the project.

Đáp án

1. If I had accepted the job offer, I would be working for a multinational company now.

2. If she weren't afraid of flying, she would have traveled to Europe last summer.

3. Had I saved money last year, I could buy a car now.

4. If they had listened to the weather forecast, they wouldn't have gotten caught in the rain yesterday.

5. Were I good at cooking, I would have prepared dinner last night.

6. If we hadn't moved to this city, we wouldn't know each other now.

7. If he were more patient, he wouldn't have lost his temper yesterday.

8. Had they not missed the train, they would be here now.

9. If I knew how to fix cars, I would have repaired my car last week.

10. Were it not for your help, I wouldn't have finished the project.

Để thuận tiện cho việc thực hành và ôn luyện, các bạn có thể tải về file PDF bài tập tại đây nhé!

Bài tập câu điều kiện hỗn hợp - có đáp án.pdf

Vậy bạn đã làm đúng bao nhiêu % các bài tập câu điều kiện hỗn hợp trên? IELTS LangGo hy vọng thông qua các kiến thức và bài tập trong bài viết này đã giúp bạn nắm vững hơn về câu điều kiện hỗn hợp.

Tiếp tục theo dõi IELTS LangGo để học thêm nhiều kiến thức tiếng Anh hữu ích khác nữa nhé!